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1992-07-14
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101July15
THE 101-KEY COMPUTER KEYBOARD
▀ Computer Keyboard
▀ Alphanumeric Keys
▀ Table Of Key Codes
▀ Keyboard Characters
▀ Key Identification
▀ The Numeric Keypad
▀ Non-Keyboard Characters
▀ Diacritical Marks and Digraphs
▀ Creating Foreign Keyboards
ÇÆÑÉ¥ Written for
Secrets of Batch Files, Color, And Macros
■ Copyright 1992, Pat Ferro 7/4/92
THE 101-KEY COMPUTER KEYBOARD
COMPUTER KEYBOARD
A computer keyboard has the same letters of the
alphabet, punctuation marks, and symbols as those on a
standard typewriter. The computer keyboard also uses the
same popular QWERTY key arrangement as the typewriter.
In this arrangement the first 6 keys of the first row of the
keyboard are the letters QWERTY.
The computer keyboard has about 30 different keys than a
typewriter. The computer keyboard can be categorized into
four groups:
▀ The standard typewriter keys
▀ The special purpose keys.
▀ The large 12 F Function keys (F1 to F12).
▀ The Numeric keypad keys and the cursor control keys.
IBM 1986
In 1986 IBM introdouced the 84 key-Enhanced model
keyboard.(PC-AT Keyboard). The 10 (F1 to F10) Function
keys were in two columns along the left side of the computer.
IBM 1987
In 1987 IBM introduced the 101-key Enhanced keyboard
which added two more F keys making 12 F keys. The 12 F keys
were put along the top rather than 2 rows along the side.
This keyboard model is currently used as the industry standard
for 101 key-keyboards.
ALPHANUMERIC KEYS
This section of the keyboard is the part that closely
resembles the typewriter. All the letters of the alphabet
and number keys (0 to 9) are in the middle of the keyboard.
Although these are familar keys, some of the other keys
on your keyboard will be ones with new names.
With the typewriter and the computer keyboard, you must
press one of the two SHIFT keys to obtain the second symbol
on those keys capable of creating two characters.
For example, the numeric keys 1,2,3 produce !,@,#. when
used in conjunction with the Shift key.
THE COMPUTER KEYBOARD (Three Special Keys
The computer keyboard also has two Alt (Alternate) and
two Ctrl (Control keys. These special keys Shift, Alt. and Ctrl
are used in conjunction with the 12 F-Function keys (See
Table of Function Key combinations.)
The 12 Function keys and combinations make possible 48
Function-key commands. Twelve commands (The F keys by
themselves) make twelve one-keystroke commands, and the
combinations make possible 36 two-keystroke commands.
These Function keys add a lot of power to a program.
They can store commands and then execute these commands
by a single keystroke. The use of Function keys simplifies the
use of the keyboard. Application programs like the word
processor WordPerfect, and the spreadsheet program Lotus,
use all the Function keys and many of the F-Key combinations.
TABLE OF FUNCTION KEY CODES
TABLE OF KEY CODES
F-Key Code SHIFT-F CODE CTRL-F CODE ALT-F CODE
F1 0;59 SH-F1 0;84 Ctrl-F1 0;94 Alt-F1 0;104
F2 0;60 SH-F2 0;85 Ctrl-F2 0;95 Alt-F2 0;105
F3 0;61 SH-F3 0;86 Ctrl-F3 0;96 Alt-F3 0;106
F4 0;62 SH-F4 0;87 Ctrl-F4 0;97 Alt-F4 0;107
F5 0;63 SH-F5 0;88 Ctrl-F5 0;98 Alt-F5 0;108
F6 0;64 SH-F6 0;89 Ctrl-F6 0;99 Alt-F6 0;109
F7 0;65 SH-F7 0;90 Ctrl-F7 0;100 Alt-F7 0;110
F8 0;66 SH-F8 0;91 Ctrl-F8 0;101 Alt-F8 0;111
F9 0;67 SH-F9 0;92 Ctrl-F9 0;102 Alt-F9 0;112
F10 0;68 SH-F10 0;93 Ctrl-F10 0;103 Alt-F10 0;113
F11 0;133 SH-F11 0;135 Ctrl-F11 0;137 Alt-F11 0;139
F12 0;134 SH-F12 0;136 Ctrl-F12 0;138 Alt-F12 0;140
Table 1. F-KEY CODES. Scan codes for F keys.
THE 101-KEY KEYBOARD
Markings On The Keys
` ~ ^ < > / \ : ; | * [
KEYBOARD CHARACTERS
Getting The Most From Your Keyboard and Display.
The keyboard has many keys that have special markings. Most
accent marks are familiar but, some are of foreign origin. A
few of these SPECIAL KEYS are used in this Computer
course. It is important that you be able to recognize certain
marks used in DOS, WordPerfect, and Lotus.
If you use a Forward slash (/) in place of a Backslash (\) the
computer will reject your command. Or, if use a semi colon (;)
in place of a colon (:) DOS will reject the command.
THE 101-KEY KEYBOARD
Identifying Some Of The Keys
Top Row Of Special LARGE Keys
Esc.. Escape key. Used in many programs to escape or go
back to a previous command.
F1 Key.. There are 12 F Function keys. These are special
keys that can be programmed to perform some
special operation or function by a single keystroke.
Print Screen.. Prints a copy of what is on the screen...
called "screen dump".
Scroll Lock... Stops files from rolling off top of screen.
Pause......... Stops files from moving up and off the screen.
Top Row Of Keyboard (Number keys)
` Grave accent
~ Tilde (Spanish)
! Exclamation point
@ At
# Number/Pound
$ Dollars
% Percent
■ Circumflex (Caret) (French)...Used in MS-DOS to
form Ctrl-Z (^Z). Used in Lotus to center contents
of a cell
& Ampersand (Abbreviation for And)
* Asterisk
( Left Parenthesis
) Right Parenthesis
- Hyphen (Bar)
_ Underscore
| Broken Vertical Bar (Also called a Pipe)
\ Backslash... Used in Lotus for creating Macros.
In DOS it stands for Root (directory)
The left arrow key is the Backspace key.
Row 2 From Top
The large grey key with the two arrows is the Tab key.
{ Left Brace (French brace)
[ Left Bracket
} Right Brace (French brace)
] Right Bracket
Row 3 From Top
: Colon (use <Shift> key to make upper character
on key).
; Semi Colon
" Double Quote
' Single Quote (Apostrophe)
Row 4 From Top
< Less Than
, Comma
> Greater Than
. Period
? Question Mark
/ Forward Slash
*** END OF CHAPTER ***
Press Esc key to return to Menu.
Select "Numeric Keypad"